In rapid sand filtration, which component delivers unfiltered water to the filter basin?

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In rapid sand filtration, the unfiltered water is brought into the filter through the influent channel. This inlet carries raw water into the top of the filter so it can flow down through the sand and other media, allowing particulates to be removed before the water is collected for treatment. The other parts have different roles: the backwash line sends water through the media to clean it during cleaning cycles; the underdrain collects the filtered water at the bottom and distributes it onward; the filter basin is the tank that houses the sand media and holds water during filtration.